Tam sim no, ntau thiab ntau lub lag luam ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem muaj lawv tus kheej lub chaw soj nstuam. Thiab cov chaw soj nstuam no muaj ntau yam khoom siv sim uas txuas ntxiv mus txhua hnub. Nws yog qhov xav tau tias txhua qhov kev sim yuav tsim cov khoom sib txawv thiab ntau hom tshuaj sim uas tseem nyob nrog cov khob iav. Yog li ntawd, kev ntxuav cov khoom seem ntawm kev sim tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub ntawm lub chaw soj nstuam.

Nws nkag siab tias txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem seem hauv cov khoom siv iav, feem ntau cov chaw soj nstuam yuav tsum siv ntau lub tswv yim, cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig feem ntau tsis txaus siab. Yog li, yuav ua li cas ntxuav cov seem hauv cov khoom siv iav kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo? Qhov tseeb, yog tias peb tuaj yeem xam pom cov kev ceev faj hauv qab no thiab ua raws li lawv kom raug, qhov teeb meem no yuav daws tau.

Ua ntej: Cov seem twg feem ntau tshuav nyob rau hauv cov khob iav hauv chav kuaj?

Thaum lub sijhawm sim, peb yam pov tseg feem ntau raug tsim tawm, uas yog cov pa roj pov tseg, cov kua pov tseg, thiab cov khoom khib nyiab. Uas yog, cov pa phem seem uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim. Rau cov khoom siv iav, cov seem feem ntau yog hmoov av, tshuaj ntxuav tes, cov tshuaj yaj hauv dej, thiab cov tshuaj tsis yaj.

Ntawm lawv, cov khoom seem soluble suav nrog cov alkali dawb, dyes, indicators, Na2SO4, NaHSO4 solids, iodine traces thiab lwm yam organic residues; cov khoom tsis yaj suav nrog petrolatum, phenolic resin, phenol, roj, tshuaj pleev, protein, cov ntshav stains, Cell culture medium, fermentation residue, DNA thiab RNA, fiber, hlau oxide, calcium carbonate, sulfide, nyiaj ntsev, tshuaj ntxuav hluavtaws thiab lwm yam tsis huv. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov khoom siv iav hauv chav kuaj xws li cov raj kuaj, burettes, volumetric flasks, thiab pipettes.

Nws tsis nyuaj rau nrhiav tau tias cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm cov khob iav siv hauv kev sim tuaj yeem sau ua ke raws li hauv qab no: 1. Muaj ntau hom; 2. Qib kev ua qias tuaj yeem sib txawv; 3. Cov duab yog qhov nyuaj; 4. Nws yog tshuaj lom, xeb, tawg, kis tau thiab lwm yam kev phom sij.

Qhov thib ob: Cov teeb meem tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm kev sim yog dab tsi?

Cov yam tsis zoo 1: qhov kev sim ua tsis tau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, seb qhov kev ua ua ntej kev sim puas ua tau raws li cov qauv yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim. Niaj hnub no, cov haujlwm sim muaj cov kev cai nruj dua rau qhov tseeb, kev taug qab, thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim. Yog li ntawd, qhov muaj cov seem yuav ua rau muaj cov yam cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kuaj pom kev sim.

Cov yam tsis zoo 2: cov khoom seem uas raug sim muaj ntau yam kev hem thawj loj lossis muaj peev xwm ua rau tib neeg lub cev. Tshwj xeeb, qee cov tshuaj uas tau sim muaj cov yam ntxwv tshuaj xws li tshuaj lom thiab volatility, thiab me ntsis kev tsis saib xyuas yuav ua rau lub cev thiab lub hlwb puas tsuaj ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam ntawm kev ntxuav cov cuab yeej iav, qhov xwm txheej no tsis yog qhov tsis tshua muaj.

Qhov Teeb Meem Tsis Zoo 3: Ntxiv mus, yog tias cov khoom seem ntawm kev sim tsis tuaj yeem kho tau zoo thiab huv si, nws yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug rau qhov chaw sim, hloov pauv huab cua thiab dej mus rau hauv cov teeb meem uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau. Yog tias feem ntau cov chaw kuaj mob xav txhim kho qhov teeb meem no, nws yog qhov tsis zam uas nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau, siv zog thiab kim heev ... thiab qhov no tau nce mus ua teeb meem zais cia hauv kev tswj hwm thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mob.

Qhov Thib Peb: Cov hau kev los daws cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom siv iav yog dab tsi?

Hais txog cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj, kev lag luam feem ntau siv peb txoj kev: ntxuav tes, ntxuav ultrasonic, thiab ntxuav cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj los ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxuav. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb txoj kev yog raws li nram no:

Txoj Kev 1: Ntxuav tes

Kev ntxuav tes yog txoj kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxuav thiab yaug nrog dej ntws. (Qee zaum nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv cov tshuaj pleev ua ntej thiab cov txhuam raj kuaj los pab) Tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau cov neeg sim siv ntau lub zog, lub zog ntawm lub cev, thiab lub sijhawm los ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khoom seem. Tib lub sijhawm, txoj kev ntxuav no tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov kev siv cov peev txheej hydropower. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntxuav tes, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li kub, conductivity, thiab pH tus nqi yog qhov nyuaj dua los ua tiav kev tswj hwm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev sau cia, thiab kev suav txheeb. Thiab qhov kawg ntxuav cov khoom siv iav feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev huv ntawm kev sim.

Txoj Kev 2: Kev ntxuav ultrasonic

Kev ntxuav ultrasonic yog siv rau cov khob iav me me (tsis yog cov cuab yeej ntsuas), xws li cov vials rau HPLC. Vim tias hom khob iav no tsis yooj yim ntxuav nrog txhuam lossis puv nrog kua, kev ntxuav ultrasonic yog siv. Ua ntej ntxuav ultrasonic, cov tshuaj soluble hauv dej, ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj insoluble thiab hmoov av hauv cov khob iav yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau qee qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, kev ntxuav ultrasonic yog siv rau 10-30 feeb, cov kua ntxuav yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej huv 2 txog 3 zaug. Ntau kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem no xav tau kev ua haujlwm tes.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais meej tias yog tias kev ntxuav ultrasonic tsis raug tswj hwm kom zoo, yuav muaj lub sijhawm zoo los ua rau muaj kab nrib pleb thiab puas tsuaj rau lub thawv iav uas tau ntxuav.

Txoj Kev 3: Lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws iav tsis siv neeg

Lub tshuab ntxuav tsis siv neeg siv lub tshuab microcomputer ntse, tsim nyog rau kev ntxuav ntau yam khoom siv iav, txhawb kev ntxuav ntau yam, thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav yog tus qauv thiab tuaj yeem theej thiab cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem taug qab. Lub tshuab ntxuav lub raj mis tsis yog tsuas yog tso cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm kev ntxuav cov khoom siv iav thiab kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb zais cia, tab sis kuj tsom mus rau cov haujlwm tshawb fawb muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua. vim nws txuag dej, hluav taws xob thiab ntsuab dua. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau nce cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam rau tag nrho lub chaw kuaj mob hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Ntxiv mus, kev siv lub tshuab ntxuav lub raj mis tsis siv neeg tag nrho yog qhov zoo dua rau qib kev ua tiav ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob kom ua tiav GMP \ FDA daim ntawv pov thawj thiab cov lus qhia, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub chaw kuaj mob. Hauv ntej, lub tshuab ntxuav lub raj mis tsis siv neeg kom meej meej zam kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yuam kev subjective, yog li cov txiaj ntsig ntxuav yog qhov tseeb thiab sib xws, thiab kev huv ntawm cov khoom siv tom qab ntxuav ua tiav zoo dua thiab zoo tagnrho!